In simple words, the surface ornamentation of a fabric is known as textile designing. Here, a plain textile with probably one or more colours is placed and the design is either printed or pressed upon with blocks so that the design spreads from blocks or machines to the fabric.
You could learn textile designing by applying to one of the institutes where they teach you. Click the link below to check out. https://www.theprintschool.com/
Fabric is constructed with the help of various techniques that are as follows:
- Weaving: It is an art of interlacing weft and warp. It can create varied patterns of fabrics.
- Knitting: It is the method of interloping a single strand of yarn. The Nonwovens are intermeshing of yarns or fibres to provide the textured fabric.
- Printing: It is the method of applying coloured patterns and designs that helps in decorating a finished fabric card printing.
- Hand block Printing: In this case, the design is carved on the blocks and the block is dipped in colour and then applied to the fabric. The art is manually done here by a skilled worker.
- Roller Printing: This is also known as direct printing which is a method of applying a coloured pattern to cloth. This method was invented by Thomas Bell of Scotland in 1783. A dye paste for each colour would be applied to the fabric with the help of a metal roller that is engraved based on the design.
- Screen Printing: It is a printing technique which uses woven mesh that helps in supporting an ink block. The mesh-based stencil is used to apply ink to a substrate whether it is on shirts, wood, vinyl, posters, stickers or any other material.
- 3-D Printing: Additive manufacturing can help in making three dimensional solid objects right from the digital files. Creating a 3D printed object can be achieved with the help of additive processes. Here, an object is made by laying down successive layers of material until the entire object is created. Each layer is viewed as a thinly sliced horizontal cross-section of the object.
- Dyeing: During this process, the fabric is dipped in a colour bath just like how the dye bath brings out different designs to the cloth.
- Tie and Dye: Tie and dye involves variosu processes like folding, twisting, crumpling and pleating. The fabric goes through the processes mentioned and is then binded using rubber bands. The dye is then applied accordingly.
- Discharge dyeing: Discharging can remove the colour from the fabric and is just the opposite of dyeing.
- Resist Dyeing: This is a term used for various traditional methods of dyeing textiles with the help of patterns. Different methods are used to prevent the dye from reaching the entire cloth which ends up creating a pattern and ground. Wax is commonly used to prevent the colour from penetrating the fabric.
Printing on fabric is not new and has existed for ages. Most of the traditional method gives way to new methods and technologies using which textile printing could be made easier and faster. Compared to the traditional methods, more fabrics could be printed easily and quickly in a shorter period when modern printing methods are used. You can also learn more about digital textile designing if you check out the link below:
https://www.theprintschool.com/photoshop-for-textile-design-illustration